1. Kugwira ntchito moyenera
Ma drones a zaulimi : drones zaulimindiabwino kwambiri ndipo nthawi zambiri amatha kunyamula maekala mazana ambiri patsiku. Tenganindi Aolan AL4-30mwachitsanzo. Pazikhalidwe zogwirira ntchito, imatha kupitilira maekala 80 mpaka 120 pa ola limodzi. Kutengera ntchito yopopera mankhwala kwa maola 8, imatha kumaliza maekala 640 mpaka 960 opopera mankhwala ophera tizilombo. Izi makamaka chifukwa cha kuthekera kwa drone kuwuluka mwachangu ndikugwira ntchito moyenera molingana ndi njira yokhazikitsidwa, popanda kuletsedwa ndi zinthu monga mtunda ndi mizere ya mbewu, ndipo liwiro la ndege limatha kusinthidwa mosavuta pakati pa 3 ndi 10 metres pamphindikati.
Traditional kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa: Kuchita bwino kwamankhwala opopera zikwama am'manja ndikotsika kwambiri. Wogwira ntchito waluso amatha kupopera mankhwala ophera tizilombo 5-10 mu tsiku. Chifukwa kupopera mbewu pamanja kumafuna kunyamula mabokosi olemera a mankhwala, kuyenda pang'onopang'ono, ndi kuyenda pang'onopang'ono pakati pa minda kupeŵa mbewu, kulimbika kwa ntchito kumakhala kokulirapo ndipo kumakhala kovuta kuti ntchitoyo isagwire bwino ntchito kwa nthawi yayitali. Makina opopera omwe amakokedwa ndi thirakitala ndiwothandiza kwambiri kuposa kupopera mbewu pamanja, koma amachepetsedwa ndi momwe misewu ilili komanso kukula kwake kwamunda. Ndizovuta kugwira ntchito m'magawo ang'onoang'ono komanso osakhazikika, ndipo zimatenga nthawi kuti mutembenuke. Nthawi zambiri, malo ogwirira ntchito amakhala pafupifupi 10-30 mu pa ola, ndipo malo ogwirira ntchito amakhala pafupifupi 80-240 mu patsiku kwa maola 8.
2. Mtengo wa anthu
Adrones zaulimi : Oyendetsa ndege a 1-2 okha ndi omwe amafunikira kuti agwire ntchitodrones zaulimi zopopera mbewu mankhwalawa. Akamaliza maphunziro aukatswiri, oyendetsa ndege amatha kugwiritsa ntchito mwaluso ma drones kuti agwire ntchito. Mtengo wa oyendetsa ndege nthawi zambiri umawerengedwa masana kapena malo ogwirira ntchito. Poganiza kuti malipiro a woyendetsa ndege ndi 500 yuan patsiku ndipo amagwiritsa ntchito maekala 1,000 a malo, mtengo woyendetsa ndege pa ekala ndi pafupifupi 0.5 yuan. Nthawi yomweyo, kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa sikutanthauza kutenga nawo mbali pamanja, zomwe zimapulumutsa kwambiri antchito.
Traditional kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa: Kupopera mbewu pamanja ndi zopopera zikwama kumafuna anthu ambiri. Mwachitsanzo, ngati wogwira ntchito akupopera malo okwana maekala 10 patsiku, pakufunika anthu 100. Tiyerekeze kuti munthu aliyense amalipidwa ma yuan 200 patsiku, ndalama zogwirira ntchito zokha zimafika pa 20,000 yuan, ndipo mtengo wa ntchito pa ekala imodzi ndi 20 yuan. Ngakhale thirakitala yoyendetsedwa ndi boom sprayer ikugwiritsidwa ntchito, anthu osachepera 2-3 amafunikira kuti agwiritse ntchito, kuphatikizapo dalaivala ndi othandizira, ndipo mtengo wa ntchito ukadali wokwera.
3. Kuchuluka kwa mankhwala ophera tizilombo
Adrones zaulimi : drones zaulimintchito otsika-voliyu kutsitsi luso, ndi ang'onoang'ono ndi yunifolomu m'malovu, amene molondola kwambiri kupopera mankhwala padziko mbewu. Kugwiritsa ntchito bwino kwa mankhwala ophera tizilombo ndikokwera kwambiri, nthawi zambiri kumafika 35% - 40%. Kupyolera mukugwiritsa ntchito bwino mankhwala ophera tizilombo, kuchuluka kwa mankhwala ophera tizilombo kumatha kuchepetsedwa ndi 10% - 30% ndikuwonetsetsa kuti kapewedwe ndi kuwongolera. Mwachitsanzo, popewa komanso kupewa tizirombo ndi matenda a mpunga, njira yachikhalidwe imafunikira 150 - 200 magalamu a mankhwala ophera tizilombo pa mu, pomwe kugwiritsa ntchitodrones zaulimizimangofunika 100 - 150 magalamu pa mu.
Njira zachikhalidwe kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa: Opopera zikwama pamanja nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi kupopera mbewu mosiyanasiyana, kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa mobwereza bwereza komanso kupopera mankhwala mophonya, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mankhwala ophera tizirombo awonongeke kwambiri komanso kugwiritsa ntchito moyenera pafupifupi 20% - 30%. Ngakhale opopera thirakitala amakokedwa ndi kupopera bwino, chifukwa cha zinthu monga kapangidwe kake ka nozzles ndi kupopera kwa kupopera, mphamvu yogwiritsira ntchito mankhwala ophera tizilombo ndi 30% - 35% yokha, ndipo nthawi zambiri mankhwala ophera tizilombo amafunikira kuti akwaniritse bwino.
4. Chitetezo cha ntchito
Adrones zaulimi : Woyendetsa ndege amawongolera ma drones kudzera pakutali m'malo otetezeka kutali ndi malo ogwirira ntchito, kupewa kulumikizana mwachindunji pakati pa anthu ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo, kuchepetsa kwambiri chiopsezo chakupha mankhwala ophera tizilombo. Makamaka nyengo yotentha kapena panthawi yomwe tizilombo towononga ndi matenda, imatha kuteteza thanzi la ogwira ntchito. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, pamene ma drone akugwira ntchito m'madera ovuta monga mapiri ndi mapiri otsetsereka, palibe chifukwa choti anthu alowemo, kuchepetsa ngozi za ngozi panthawi ya opaleshoniyo.
Njira yachikhalidwe yopopera mankhwala ophera tizilombo: Kupopera mbewu kwa chikwama chamanja, ogwira ntchito ayenera kunyamula bokosi la mankhwala kwa nthawi yayitali, ndipo amakumana ndi malo odulira tizilombo, omwe amatha kuyamwa mosavuta mankhwala ophera tizilombo kudzera munjira yopuma, kukhudzana ndi khungu ndi njira zina, ndipo kuthekera kwakupha poyizoni ndikwambiri. Opopera thirakitala amakhalanso ndi zoopsa zina zachitetezo akamagwira ntchito m'munda, monga kuvulala mwangozi chifukwa cha kulephera kwa makina, komanso ngozi zomwe zingachitike poyendetsa galimoto m'minda yomwe ili ndi zovuta zamisewu.
5. Kusinthasintha kwa ntchito
Adrones zaulimi : Amatha kuzolowera minda yokhala ndi madera osiyanasiyana komanso njira zobzala zosiyanasiyana. Kaya ndi minda yaing'ono yamwazikana, ziwembu zosawoneka bwino, ngakhale madera ovuta monga mapiri ndi zitunda,drones zaulimiakhoza kupirira mosavuta. Komanso, drones akhoza flexibly kusintha okwera ndege, kutsitsi magawo, etc. malinga ndi kutalika kwa mbewu zosiyanasiyana ndi kufalitsa tizirombo ndi matenda kukwaniritsa yeniyeni ntchito mankhwala. Mwachitsanzo, m'munda wa zipatso, kutalika kwa ndege ndi kupopera mankhwala kwa drone kungasinthidwe molingana ndi kukula ndi kutalika kwa denga la mtengo wa zipatso.
Njira zachikhalidwe kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa: Ngakhale kuti zopopera zikwama zamanja zimasinthasintha, zimakhala zovutirapo komanso sizigwira ntchito m'minda yayikulu. Makina opopera ma boom okokedwa ndi thirakitala amakhala ochepa chifukwa cha kukula kwake komanso ma radius, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kugwira ntchito m'minda yaying'ono kapena m'mizere yopapatiza. Iwo ali ndi zofunika kwambiri za mtunda ndi mawonekedwe a chiwembu ndipo sangathe kugwira ntchito m'malo ovuta. Mwachitsanzo, zimakhala zovuta kuti mathirakitala ayendetse ndikugwira ntchito m’malo monga mabwalo.
6. Kukhudzidwa kwa mbewu
Adrones zaulimi : Kutalika kwa ndege kwa ma drones kumatha kusintha, nthawi zambiri 0.5-2 metres kuchokera pamwamba pa mbewu. Ukadaulo wautsi wotsikirapo womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito umatulutsa madontho omwe alibe mphamvu pang'ono pa mbewu ndipo sizosavuta kuwononga masamba ndi zipatso. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, chifukwa cha kufulumira kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa ndi nthawi yochepa yotsalira pa mbewu, imakhala ndi zosokoneza pang'ono ndi kukula kwa mbewu. Mwachitsanzo, pobzala mphesa,drones zaulimiangapewe mawotchi kuwonongeka kwa mphesa Magulu pamene kupopera mankhwala ophera tizilombo.
Njira zachikhalidwe kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa: Makina opopera chikwama akamayenda m’munda amatha kupondereza mbewu, kugwetsa, kusweka, ndi zina zotero. Makina opopera thirakitala akalowa m’munda kuti agwire ntchito, mawilo amatha kuphwanyira mbewu, makamaka m’nyengo yakumapeto, zomwe zingawononge zoonekeratu kwa mbewu zomwe zingakhudze kukolola ndi ubwino wake.
Nthawi yotumiza: Mar-18-2025