1. Kugwiritsa ntchito bwino
Ma drone a ulimi : ndege zopanda ma drone zaulimiZimagwira ntchito bwino kwambiri ndipo nthawi zambiri zimatha kuphimba maekala mazana ambiri a malo patsiku.Aolan AL4-30chitsanzo cha drone yoteteza zomera. Pansi pa mikhalidwe yokhazikika yogwirira ntchito, imatha kuphimba maekala 80 mpaka 120 pa ola limodzi. Kutengera ntchito yopopera ya maola 8, imatha kumaliza maekala 640 mpaka 960 a ntchito zopopera mankhwala ophera tizilombo. Izi zimachitika makamaka chifukwa cha kuthekera kwa drone kuuluka mwachangu ndikugwira ntchito molondola motsatira njira yokhazikitsidwa, popanda kuletsedwa ndi zinthu monga malo ndi malo obzala, ndipo liwiro louluka likhoza kusinthidwa mosavuta pakati pa mamita 3 ndi 10 pa sekondi.
Njira yachikhalidwe yopopera: Kugwira ntchito bwino kwa makina opopera mankhwala opangidwa ndi manja ndi kochepa kwambiri. Wantchito waluso amatha kupopera mankhwala ophera tizilombo okwana ma mu 5-10 patsiku. Chifukwa kupopera mankhwala opangidwa ndi manja kumafuna kunyamula mabokosi olemera a mankhwala, kuyenda pang'onopang'ono, komanso kuyenda pakati pa minda kuti apewe mbewu, mphamvu ya ntchito ndi yayikulu ndipo zimakhala zovuta kupitiriza kugwira ntchito bwino kwa nthawi yayitali. Makina opopera mankhwala opangidwa ndi thirakitala ndi othandiza kwambiri kuposa kupopera mankhwala opangidwa ndi manja, koma amachepetsedwa ndi momwe msewu ulili komanso kukula kwa malo m'munda. N'kovuta kugwira ntchito m'malo ang'onoang'ono komanso osakhazikika, ndipo zimatenga nthawi kuti zitembenuke. Nthawi zambiri, malo ogwirira ntchito ndi pafupifupi ma mu 10-30 pa ola limodzi, ndipo malo ogwirira ntchito ndi pafupifupi ma mu 80-240 patsiku kwa maola 8.
2. Mtengo wa anthu
Ama drone a ulimi : Oyendetsa ndege 1-2 okha ndi omwe akufunika kuti agwire ntchitoma drone opopera mankhwala a ulimiPambuyo pa maphunziro aukadaulo, oyendetsa ndege amatha kugwiritsa ntchito bwino ma drone kuti agwire ntchito. Mtengo wa oyendetsa ndege nthawi zambiri umawerengedwa tsiku lililonse kapena malo ogwirira ntchito. Poganiza kuti malipiro a woyendetsa ndege ndi mayuan 500 patsiku ndipo amagwira ntchito maekala 1,000 a malo, mtengo wa woyendetsa ndege pa ekala iliyonse ndi pafupifupi mayuan 0.5. Nthawi yomweyo, kupopera ma drone sikufuna kutenga nawo mbali kwambiri pamanja, zomwe zimapulumutsa kwambiri anthu ogwira ntchito.
Njira yachikhalidwe yopoperaKupopera ndi manja pogwiritsa ntchito makina opopera m'mbuyo kumafuna anthu ambiri. Mwachitsanzo, ngati wantchito apopera maekala 10 a malo patsiku, pamafunika anthu 100. Tikaganiza kuti munthu aliyense amalipidwa mayuan 200 patsiku, ndalama zogwirira ntchito zokha ndi zokwana mayuan 20,000, ndipo ndalama zogwirira ntchito pa ekala iliyonse ndi mayuan 20. Ngakhale ngati makina opopera oyendetsedwa ndi thirakitala agwiritsidwa ntchito, pamafunika anthu osachepera 2-3 kuti agwire ntchito, kuphatikizapo dalaivala ndi othandizira, ndipo ndalama zogwirira ntchito zikadali zokwera.
3. Kuchuluka kwa mankhwala ophera tizilombo omwe agwiritsidwa ntchito
Ama drone a ulimi : ndege zopanda ma drone zaulimiGwiritsani ntchito ukadaulo wopopera wochepa, wokhala ndi madontho ang'onoang'ono komanso ofanana, omwe amatha kupopera mankhwala ophera tizilombo molondola pamwamba pa mbewu. Kuchuluka kogwiritsa ntchito bwino mankhwala ophera tizilombo kumakhala kwakukulu, nthawi zambiri kufika pa 35% - 40%. Pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ophera tizilombo molondola, kuchuluka kwa mankhwala ophera tizilombo omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kumatha kuchepetsedwa ndi 10% - 30% pamene akuonetsetsa kuti kupewa ndi kuwongolera kukuchitika. Mwachitsanzo, popewa ndi kuwongolera tizilombo ndi matenda a mpunga, njira yachikhalidwe imafuna magalamu 150 - 200 a mankhwala ophera tizilombo pa mu, pomwe kugwiritsa ntchitondege zopanda ma drone zaulimiimangofunika magalamu 100 - 150 pa mu.
Njira zachikhalidwe zopopera: Ma sprayers opangidwa ndi manja nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi kupopera kosagwirizana, kupopera mobwerezabwereza komanso kupopera kosayenera, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mankhwala ophera tizilombo azigwiritsidwa ntchito molakwika komanso kuchuluka kwa kugwiritsa ntchito bwino kwa pafupifupi 20% - 30%. Ngakhale kuti ma sprayers okokedwa ndi thirakitala ali ndi kupopera bwino, chifukwa cha zinthu monga kapangidwe ka nozzle yawo ndi mphamvu ya kupopera, kuchuluka kwa kugwiritsa ntchito bwino kwa mankhwala ophera tizilombo ndi 30% - 35% yokha, ndipo nthawi zambiri mankhwala ophera tizilombo ambiri amafunika kuti azitha kuwongolera bwino.
4. Chitetezo pa ntchito
Ama drone a ulimi : Woyendetsa ndege amawongolera ma drone kudzera pa remote control pamalo otetezeka kutali ndi malo ogwirira ntchito, kupewa kukhudzana mwachindunji pakati pa anthu ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo, kuchepetsa kwambiri chiopsezo cha poizoni wa mankhwala ophera tizilombo. Makamaka nyengo yotentha kapena nthawi yochuluka ya tizilombo ndi matenda, imatha kuteteza bwino thanzi la ogwira ntchito. Nthawi yomweyo, ma drone akamagwira ntchito m'malo ovuta monga mapiri ndi malo otsetsereka, palibe chifukwa choti anthu alowemo, zomwe zimachepetsa chiopsezo cha ngozi panthawi yogwira ntchito.
Njira yachikhalidwe yopopera mankhwala ophera tizilombo: kupopera m'chikwama chamanja, ogwira ntchito amafunika kunyamula bokosi la mankhwala ophera tizilombo kwa nthawi yayitali, ndipo amakumana mwachindunji ndi malo otayira mankhwala ophera tizilombo, omwe amatha kuyamwa mosavuta mankhwala ophera tizilombo kudzera munjira yopumira, kukhudzana ndi khungu ndi njira zina, ndipo mwayi woti tizilombo tiphe ndi wokwera. Mabowo opopera ndi mathirakitala amakumananso ndi zoopsa zina zachitetezo akamagwira ntchito m'munda, monga kuvulala mwangozi komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha kulephera kwa makina, komanso ngozi zomwe zingachitike akamayendetsa galimoto m'minda yomwe ili ndi mikhalidwe yovuta ya misewu.
5. Kusinthasintha kwa magwiridwe antchito
Ama drone a ulimi : Amatha kusintha minda yawo kukhala minda yosiyanasiyana komanso mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zomera. Kaya ndi minda yaying'ono yofalikira, malo osawoneka bwino, kapena malo ovuta monga mapiri ndi zitunda,ndege zopanda ma drone zaulimiamatha kuthana nazo mosavuta. Kuphatikiza apo, ma drone amatha kusintha kutalika kwa ndege, kupopera, ndi zina zotero malinga ndi kutalika kwa mbewu zosiyanasiyana komanso kufalikira kwa tizilombo ndi matenda kuti tigwiritse ntchito bwino mankhwala ophera tizilombo. Mwachitsanzo, m'munda wa zipatso, kutalika kwa ndege ndi kuchuluka kwa kupopera kwa drone kumatha kusinthidwa malinga ndi kukula ndi kutalika kwa denga la mtengo wa zipatso.
Njira zachikhalidwe zopoperaNgakhale kuti zopopera m'mbuyo zamanja zimakhala zosinthasintha, zimakhala zovuta kugwiritsa ntchito komanso sizigwira ntchito bwino pa ntchito zazikulu zaulimi. Zopopera m'mabowomu zokokedwa ndi thirakitala zimakhala zochepa chifukwa cha kukula kwake ndi kuzungulira kwake, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kuzigwira m'minda yaying'ono kapena m'mizere yopapatiza. Zili ndi zofunikira kwambiri pa malo ndi mawonekedwe a malo ndipo sizingathe kugwira ntchito m'malo ovuta. Mwachitsanzo, zimakhala zovuta kuti mathirakitala aziyendetsa ndikugwira ntchito m'malo monga m'makhonde.
6. Zotsatira pa mbewu
Ama drone a ulimi : Kutalika kwa ndege za drones kumatha kusinthika, nthawi zambiri mamita 0.5-2 kuchokera pamwamba pa mbewu. Ukadaulo wothira mankhwala ochepa womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito umapanga madontho omwe sakhudza kwambiri mbewu ndipo sungawononge masamba ndi zipatso za mbewu mosavuta. Nthawi yomweyo, chifukwa cha kuthamanga kwake kothira mankhwala komanso kukhalapo kwa nthawi yochepa pa mbewu, sichisokoneza kwambiri kukula kwa mbewu. Mwachitsanzo, pobzala mphesa,ndege zopanda ma drone zaulimizingapewe kuwonongeka kwa mphesa pogwiritsa ntchito makina popopera mankhwala ophera tizilombo.
Njira zachikhalidwe zopopera: Pamene chopopera chamanja chikuyenda m'munda, chingaponde mbewu, zomwe zingawapangitse kugwa, kusweka, ndi zina zotero. Chopopera cha boom chokokedwa ndi thirakitala chikalowa m'munda kuti chigwire ntchito, mawilo ake amatha kuphwanya mbewu, makamaka kumapeto kwa kukula kwa mbewu, zomwe zingawononge mbewuzo momveka bwino, zomwe zingakhudze zokolola ndi ubwino wa mbewu.
Nthawi yotumizira: Januwale-18-2025